Two types of states: A cross-linguistic study of change-of-state verb roots
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v2i0.4094Keywords:
Lexical semantics, events, event structure, change-of-state, root, typologyAbstract
Event structural theories decompose verb meanings into an event template and idiosyncratic root. Many mainstream theories assume a bifurcation in the kinds of entailments contributed by roots and templates, in particular that lexical entailments of change of an individual in change-of-state verbs are only introduced by templates, not roots. We argue against such theories by comparing Levin's (1993 non-deadjectival vs. deadjectival change-of-state verb roots (e.g. crack vs. red roots). A broad-scale typological study reveals that red-type roots tend to have simple (e.g. non-deverbal) stative forms, but crack-type roots do not. Semantic studies of Kakataibo and English show that terms built on crack-type roots always entail change, while terms based on red-type roots may not. We thus suggest that crack-type roots entail change-of-state, contra Bifurcation.
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Published by the LSA with permission of the author(s) under a CC BY 4.0 license.